#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <linux/soundcard.h>

#define LENGTH 3 /* how many seconds of speech to store */
#define RATE 8000 /* the sampling rate */
#define SIZE 8 /* sample size: 8 or 16 bits */
#define CHANNELS 1 /* 1 = mono 2 = stereo */

/* this buffer holds the digitized audio */
unsigned char buf[LENGTH*RATE*SIZE*CHANNELS/8];

int main()
{
int fd; /* sound device file descriptor */
int arg; /* argument for ioctl calls */
int status; /* return status of system calls */

/* open sound device */
fd = open("/dev/dsp", O_RDWR);
if (fd < 0) {
perror("open of /dev/dsp failed");
exit(1);
}

/* set sampling parameters */
arg = SIZE; /* sample size */
status = ioctl(fd, SOUND_PCM_WRITE_BITS, &arg);
if (status == -1)
perror("SOUND_PCM_WRITE_BITS ioctl failed");
if (arg != SIZE)
perror("unable to set sample size");

arg = CHANNELS; /* mono or stereo */
status = ioctl(fd, SOUND_PCM_WRITE_CHANNELS, &arg);
if (status == -1)
perror("SOUND_PCM_WRITE_CHANNELS ioctl failed");
if (arg != CHANNELS)
perror("unable to set number of channels");

arg = RATE; /* sampling rate */
status = ioctl(fd, SOUND_PCM_WRITE_RATE, &arg);
if (status == -1)
perror("SOUND_PCM_WRITE_WRITE ioctl failed");

while (1) { /* loop until Control-C */
printf("Say something:\n");
status = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)); /* record some sound */
if (status != sizeof(buf))
perror("read wrong number of bytes");
printf("You said:\n");
status = write(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)); /* play it back */
if (status != sizeof(buf))
perror("wrote wrong number of bytes");
/* wait for playback to complete before recording again */
status = ioctl(fd, SOUND_PCM_SYNC, 0);
if (status == -1)
perror("SOUND_PCM_SYNC ioctl failed");
}
}

cat my-cool.wav > /dev/dsp

* open sound device */
fd = open("/dev/dsp", O_RDWR);
if (fd < 0) {
perror("open of /dev/dsp failed");
exit(1);
}

/* set sampling parameters */
arg = SIZE; /* sample size */
status = ioctl(fd, SOUND_PCM_WRITE_BITS, &arg);
if (status == -1)
perror("SOUND_PCM_WRITE_BITS ioctl failed");
if (arg != SIZE)
perror("unable to set sample size");

arg = CHANNELS; /* mono or stereo */
status = ioctl(fd, SOUND_PCM_WRITE_CHANNELS, &arg);
if (status == -1)
perror("SOUND_PCM_WRITE_CHANNELS ioctl failed");
if (arg != CHANNELS)
perror("unable to set number of channels");

arg = RATE; /* sampling rate */
status = ioctl(fd, SOUND_PCM_WRITE_RATE, &arg);
if (status == -1)
perror("SOUND_PCM_WRITE_WRITE ioctl failed");